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Published on: July 31, 2021

Beta-caryophyllene mitigates high fat diet-induced testicular dysfunctions by targeting JNK/ERK-1 and JAK-1/STAT-3

Alaa Muqbil Alsirhani1, Othman R Alzahrani2, Amal S Abu-Almakarem3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia.

Scientific Reports
|May 16, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Obesity impairs male fertility through oxidative stress. Beta-caryophyllene (BCP) treatment improved sperm parameters and testosterone levels in obese rats by reducing inflammation and oxidative damage.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Obesity is linked to male reproductive dysfunction via oxidative stress and inflammation.
  • Beta-caryophyllene (BCP) possesses antioxidant properties with potential therapeutic benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of BCP in ameliorating testicular dysfunction in diet-induced obese male rats.
  • To assess BCP's effects on spermatological parameters, hormone profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers.

Main Methods:

  • Male rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of BCP treatment (25, 50, 75 mg/kg).
  • Evaluated sperm count, motility, testosterone, oxidative stress markers (MDA), inflammatory cytokines, JNK/ERK-1 and JAK-1/STAT-3 pathways, and testicular histology.

Main Results:

  • HFD induced decreased sperm count/motility, lower testosterone, increased MDA, and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines.
  • BCP treatment dose-dependently improved reproductive parameters, restored testosterone levels, and reduced oxidative/inflammatory markers.
  • BCP downregulated JNK/ERK-1 and JAK-1/STAT-3 signaling pathways, with improved testicular histology.

Conclusions:

  • BCP effectively mitigates HFD-induced testicular dysfunction in obese rats.
  • The therapeutic effects are attributed to BCP's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory actions, and modulation of specific signaling pathways.
  • BCP shows potential as a therapeutic agent for obesity-associated male reproductive impairment.
Keywords:
Anti-inflammatoryAntioxidantBeta-caryophylleneObesitySignaling pathwaysTestis

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