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Related Concept Videos

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of High c-axis ZnO Thin Film by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition System and its UV Photodetector Application
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Synthesis and Characterization of High c-axis ZnO Thin Film by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition System and its UV Photodetector Application

Published on: October 3, 2015

Z-scheme plasma-catalysis using Ru-doped CeO2/Bi2O3 for efficient GenX degradation via oxygen vacancy engineering.

Baekha Ryu1, Kien Tiek Wong2, Jun Sup Lim3

  • 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Seoul, Nowon-Gu, 01897, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Environmental Management
|May 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary

GenX, a PFOA replacement, was degraded by argon plasma and ruthenium-doped cerium/bismuth oxide composite. This advanced catalyst significantly boosted GenX removal efficiency and reduced energy consumption for PFAS remediation.

Keywords:
Argon jetCeO(2)/Bi(2)O(3) compositeGenXJet plasma systemPlasma-catalyst

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Synthesis and Performance Evaluations of ZnCoS/ZnCdS with Twin Crystal Structure for Multifunctional Redox Photocatalysis in Energy Applications

Published on: July 25, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) like GenX pose environmental challenges.
  • Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) replacement chemicals require effective degradation strategies.
  • Developing efficient catalysts for PFAS remediation is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the degradation of GenX using argon jet plasma combined with a ruthenium-doped cerium oxide/bismuth oxide composite (Ru-CBO).
  • To elucidate the degradation mechanism and identify key factors influencing GenX removal.
  • To evaluate the energy efficiency and catalytic stability of the proposed system for PFAS remediation.

Main Methods:

  • GenX degradation experiments using argon jet plasma and 0.1% Ru-CBO.
  • Kinetic analysis to determine GenX removal rates.
  • In-situ XPS and SERS for surface and electronic structure analysis.
  • Reactive species contribution analysis.

Main Results:

  • Achieved up to 74% GenX degradation in 30 minutes, a 1.7-fold increase compared to plasma alone.
  • Identified oxygen vacancies (OV) and the (1 1 1) facet as key factors in GenX removal.
  • Confirmed a Z-scheme mechanism facilitated by RuO2 acting as an electron sink.
  • Significantly reduced electrical energy per order (EEO) from 295.8 to 149.7 kWh m-3.

Conclusions:

  • The Ru-CBO composite significantly enhances GenX degradation efficiency in argon plasma.
  • The Z-scheme mechanism involving electron transfer is crucial for the catalytic activity.
  • The Ru-CBO system demonstrates high catalytic stability and energy efficiency for PFAS remediation.