Molecular-level polarization modulation in hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks for high-efficiency photoelectric wound...

Conventional electrical stimulation (ES) therapies for chronic wound treatment are limited by reliance on external power sources, disruption of the wound microenvironment, and limited biosafety. Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) have recently emerged as a promising platform for photostimulation-responsive biofunctional materials due to their ordered structures, inherent porosity, and good biocompatibility. Despite these benefits, the inefficient use of photogenerated charge carriers remains a major barrier to improving the photovoltaic performance of HOFs. In this study, three regioisomeric HOFs: TGU-307 (1,5-substituted), TGU-308 (2,6-substituted), and TGU-309 (2,7-substituted), were synthesized by adding sulfonic acid groups at different positions to systematically examine how regioselectivity affects excited-state electron distribution and photovoltaic properties. TGU-309 exhibited a notably low exciton binding energy of 49 meV, showing a distinct advantage over the other analogues. Comprehensive spectroscopic and theoretical analyses revealed that even small differences in substitution sites significantly impact electronic structure and charge carrier behavior. This precise structural control allows direct modification of excited-state electron distribution, improves charge separation and movement, and enables targeted accumulation of electrons at active sites. These findings support a rational design of HOFs at the molecular level and offer promising advancements for photoelectric wound dressings with improved healing performance. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates a molecular-level polarization modulation strategy in hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) to develop self-powered photoelectric wound dressings. By introducing regional heterostructures via precise sulfonic acid group positioning, the main innovations are reflected in.