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Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions mediated by functional microbial dynamics under optimized composting condition
Meiqi Pan1, Siyu Yang1, Li Feng1
1Hebei Key Laboratory for Emerging Contaminants Control and Risk Management, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
None:
The regulation of greenhouse gas emissions during composting is a complex process jointly controlled by physicochemical parameters and microbial dynamics. This study investigated the effects of the C/N ratio and aeration rate on greenhouse gas and NH3 emissions, as well as microbial community dynamics, during chicken manure-straw composting. The results showed that the treatment D3, with a C/N ratio of 25 and an aeration rate of 0.3 L·kg-1DM·min-1, achieved the best composting performance. Compared with D1, D3 reduced global warming potential and NH3 emissions by 55.97% and 71.90%, respectively, and exhibited the lowest net greenhouse effect with minimal N2O emission (6.63 g kg-1 CO2-eq). Under D3 conditions, functional genera such as Bacillus, Paenalcaligenes, and Vagococcus dominated the microbial community, promoting efficient organic matter degradation, and nitrogen cycling. Structural equation modeling further revealed that the synergistic interactions between physicochemical factors and microbial functions jointly regulated greenhouse gas and NH3 emissions. Overall, a balanced C/N ratio and moderate aeration effectively coordinated oxygen supply and microbial activity, maintaining favorable temperature and pH conditions that promoted nitrogen retention. This study provides theoretical guidance for on-site control of greenhouse gas emissions during livestock manure composting and offers a scientific basis for resource-efficient and sustainable manure management.
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