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Updated: May 19, 2026

Protocol for the Evaluation of MRI Artifacts Caused by Metal Implants to Assess the Suitability of Implants and the Vulnerability of Pulse Sequences
Published on: May 17, 2018
[Quantitative Assessment of Artifacts Specific to Compressed Sensing-sensitivity Encoding (CS-SENSE) MRI]
Shun Ono1,2, Kenichi Sakai2,3, Masaki Ohkubo2
1Division of Radiological Technology, Department of Medical Technology, Niigata City General Hospital.
Purpose:
Compressed sensing-sensitivity encoding (CS-SENSE), which combines sensitivity encoding (SENSE) with compressed sensing, is utilized to reduce magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition time. The aim of this study was to propose a novel quantitative index for evaluating the curved, stripe-like artifacts that specifically appear in the phase-encoding direction of images acquired using the CS-SENSE technique.
Methods:
MRI scans were performed using a 3.0-T MR system and a uniform phantom. The reduction factor (R) in the CS-SENSE protocol, which controls the degree of data undersampling, was varied from 2 to 5. To extract artifact components, band-pass filtering was applied to each signal-intensity profile in the phase-encoding direction. The standard deviation of the filtered image was normalized by the mean signal intensity of the original image, yielding an artifact quantitative index.
Results:
The artifact quantitative index increased progressively with higher R values, with a pronounced increase observed at R≥4. This trend was consistent with visual assessments, indicating that the index appropriately reflected the severity of artifact occurrence.
Conclusion:
The proposed index enables quantitative evaluation of artifacts specific to CS-SENSE images and may be useful for determining optimal R settings.

