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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

A Periprosthetic Joint Candida albicans Infection Model in Mouse
04:37

A Periprosthetic Joint Candida albicans Infection Model in Mouse

Published on: February 2, 2024

Candida Sternal Wound Infections After Open-Heart Surgery: A retrospective Observational Study.

Yuriko Fukuta1, Jung Min Seo2, Brian Jun Louie3

  • 1Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, the United States.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|May 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Candida sternal wound infections (SWI) after cardiac surgery are challenging, with high mortality. Early surgical debridement and mechanical ventilation management are crucial for improving outcomes in these difficult-to-treat fungal infections.

Keywords:
Candidamediastinitissternal wound infectionsurgical site infection

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

A Periprosthetic Joint Candida albicans Infection Model in Mouse
04:37

A Periprosthetic Joint Candida albicans Infection Model in Mouse

Published on: February 2, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Sternal wound infection (SWI) is a severe complication of cardiac surgery.
  • While bacterial SWI is well-documented, Candida SWI is less understood.
  • This study focuses on the clinical profile, treatment, and prognosis of fungal SWI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical features, management strategies, and outcomes of Candida SWI.
  • To identify risk factors associated with mortality in patients with Candida SWI.
  • To compare characteristics of mediastinitis versus other forms of Candida SWI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 55 patients with Candida SWI post-cardiac surgery (2013-2024).
  • Data analysis included infection type, onset, causative Candida species, surgical intervention, antifungal therapy duration, and mortality.
  • Statistical analysis identified factors associated with in-hospital mortality and mediastinitis.

Main Results:

  • Candida SWI occurred in 55 of 11,108 cardiac surgeries, presenting as superficial infections, deep infections, sternal osteomyelitis, or mediastinitis.
  • Candida albicans was the most frequent pathogen (69.1%).
  • Ninety-day mortality was 20.0%, significantly linked to prolonged mechanical ventilation and lack of surgical debridement. Mediastinitis was associated with longer cardiopulmonary bypass times and hospital stays.

Conclusions:

  • Candida SWI exhibits diverse clinical presentations and onset times.
  • Despite extensive surgical and antifungal treatments, patient prognosis remains poor.
  • Optimizing ventilation management and timely surgical debridement are critical for improving survival rates.