Tissue adaptation of eosinophils

Eosinophils are increasingly recognized as tissue-resident immune cells that take on diverse functions. Recent studies have shed light on the pathways that result in tissue-specific eosinophil phenotypes. In this review, we discuss the process of tissue adaptation covering the local environmental cues that trigger adaptation, the transcriptional reprograming that occurs in response, and the phenotypic, metabolic, and functional adaptation that leads to varied eosinophil populations across the body. We further examine the relative impact of trained immunity and systemic factors versus local signals on eosinophil plasticity in the context of homeostasis and inflammation.