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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Standardizing a Non-Lethal Method for Characterizing the Reproductive Status and Larval Development of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida)
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Using Demographic Estimation and Power Analysis to Inform Monitoring Efforts and Detect Declines in Freshwater

Michael A Baker1, Allison H Roy2, Jason Carmignani3

  • 1Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA.

Ecology and Evolution
|May 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study assessed Brook Floater (Alasmidonta varicosa) populations in Maine and Massachusetts. High survival was observed, but sampling strategies need adjustment in Massachusetts to effectively monitor this endangered freshwater mussel.

Keywords:
Alasmidonta varicosabrook floatercapture probabilitymark‐recapturepopulation abundancesurvival

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Freshwater Ecology

Background:

  • Brook Floater (Alasmidonta varicosa) is a freshwater mussel facing endangerment across multiple US states.
  • Limited demographic data hinders effective conservation strategies for this species.
  • Resource scarcity poses challenges for obtaining sufficient population assessment data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine demographic parameters (abundance and survival) for Brook Floater at five new monitoring sites in Maine and Massachusetts.
  • To evaluate sampling strategy trade-offs for state natural resource agencies.
  • To inform conservation efforts for endangered freshwater mussels.

Main Methods:

  • Capture-recapture models were employed using data from 2018-2020.
  • Mussels were surveyed via visual and tactile snorkel surveys and marked with tags.
  • Models accounted for variations in year, sampling occasion, and individual shell length.

Main Results:

  • Abundance estimates varied significantly, from 29 individuals in Massachusetts to 311 in Maine.
  • High annual survival rates (0.87-0.96) were recorded across all sites.
  • Power analysis indicated Maine's sampling is adequate, but Massachusetts may need more frequent sampling to detect declines.

Conclusions:

  • Effective monitoring of freshwater mussels requires careful consideration of sampling frequency.
  • Conservation strategies for Brook Floater populations need tailored approaches based on regional data.
  • Capture-recapture studies are vital for assessing and managing vulnerable aquatic species.