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Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Updated: May 19, 2026

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo
09:19

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 6, 2015

Cancer Evolvability Determines Therapy Outcomes.

Ranjini Bhattacharya1,2, Anuraag Bukkuri3, Robert A Gatenby4,5

  • 1Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|May 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer's ability to evolve drives treatment resistance. This study models how cancer evolvability impacts therapy, finding specific treatments suit different evolvabilities and a sequential therapy approach can eradicate adaptable cancers.

Keywords:
Cancer EvolutionChemotherapyEvolutionary Game TheoryEvolutionary MedicineEvolvabilityTargeted Therapy

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Enhancing Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Extracellular Vesicles (CAR-EV) Technology: The Future of Cancer Therapy
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Enhancing Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Extracellular Vesicles (CAR-EV) Technology: The Future of Cancer Therapy

Published on: September 19, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Cancer research
  • Mathematical modeling

Background:

  • Cancer progression after treatment failure is an evolutionary process driven by therapy selection pressures.
  • Cancer's evolvability, its capacity for variation, dictates adaptation speed and treatment resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model how cancer evolvability influences resistance dynamics under targeted therapy and chemotherapy.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of sequential therapy strategies against adaptable (facultative evolvability) cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an evolutionary game-theoretic model.
  • Compared cancer populations with fixed (low/high) and facultative evolvabilities.
  • Simulated an evolutionary double bind strategy using sequential chemotherapy and targeted therapy cycles.

Main Results:

  • Targeted therapy is more effective against low-evolvability cancers; chemotherapy better controls high-evolvability populations.
  • Facultative evolvability allows cancers to sustain higher tumor burden by dynamically adjusting evolvability.
  • An optimized sequence of chemotherapy and targeted therapy can lead to the extinction of facultative evolvability cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer evolvability is a critical factor in treatment response and resistance.
  • Therapy design must incorporate evolutionary principles to overcome cancer adaptation.
  • Sequential therapy strategies offer a promising approach to manage highly adaptable tumors.