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Quantifying sorptivity using the contact sponge method: an improved calculation method validated by classical

H Derluyn1, J Desarnaud2, D Vandevoorde3

  • 1LFCR, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Pau, France.

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|May 18, 2026
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Summary

This study improves water absorption assessment for building materials. By combining neutron radiography with capillary rise tests, a new analytical method enhances the accuracy of the contact sponge method (CSM) for field measurements.

Keywords:
Capillary absorption coefficientContact-sponge methodNeutron imagingPorous stoneSorptivityWater absorption

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Area of Science:

  • Building Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Material Characterization

Background:

  • Non-destructive techniques like the contact sponge method (CSM) and Karsten tubes are used for field assessment of building material water absorption.
  • Laboratory capillary rise tests (CR) typically use one-dimensional water flow on small specimens.
  • Existing methods show qualitative agreement but lack robust quantitative correlation for sorptivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate water absorption processes using the contact sponge method (CSM) combined with neutron radiography.
  • To address the lack of quantitative correlation between non-destructive field methods and laboratory tests.
  • To develop an improved analytical model for sorptivity assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Combined neutron radiography for direct water penetration visualization with conventional capillary rise tests (CR) using gravimetric measurements.
  • Examined sandstones and limestones with porosities between 10% and 30%.
  • Utilized neutron imaging to observe water flow dynamics during CSM.

Main Results:

  • Neutron imaging revealed that the assumption of equal water penetration depth and lateral spreading in CSM is invalid.
  • An improved analytical expression was developed, accounting for three-dimensional water flow in CSM.
  • Significant improvement in quantitative agreement between sorptivity values from CSM and CR tests was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The standard assumption for CSM is not valid, necessitating a revised analytical framework.
  • The proposed improved analytical expression enhances the reliability of sorptivity assessment using CSM.
  • Adaptation of the CSM field-testing protocol ensures more accurate water absorption evaluations for building materials.