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Microbranching-Stabilized Dynamic Epoxy Networks for Rapid-Curing, Mechanically Robust, and Upcyclable Thermosets.

Dongxu Pei1, Rui Peng1, Yucheng Zi2

  • 1Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel dynamic epoxy network that cures rapidly, offering balanced strength and toughness. This advanced material also enables efficient upcycling and reuse of composite materials.

Keywords:
carbon fiber‐reinforced compositesdynamic covalent bondsmicrobranching networkrapid curingthermoset upcycling

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Composite Manufacturing

Background:

  • Rapid curing in epoxy thermosets is crucial for scalable manufacturing but often leads to poor homogeneity and mechanical properties.
  • Limited reusability and recyclability of conventional thermosets pose environmental and economic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microbranching-stabilized dynamic epoxy network for rapid curing, enhanced mechanical performance, and upcycling.
  • To investigate the relationship between network architecture, morphology, and material properties.
  • To demonstrate the reprocessability and recyclability of the developed epoxy thermoset.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a microbranched amine curing agent (Gm-12) for homogeneous blending with epoxy monomers.
  • Characterization of the epoxy network (DGm-12) morphology, mechanical properties (tensile strength, fracture toughness), and curing kinetics.
  • Incorporation of dynamic ester and disulfide bonds to enable network rearrangement and degradation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved complete curing within 10 minutes at 150°C using the Gm-12 curing agent.
  • Developed an epoxy network (DGm-12) with a microphase-separated morphology, exhibiting a tensile strength of 88 MPa and fracture toughness of 3.5 MPa·m1/2.
  • Demonstrated full reprocessability, including reuse of prepregs, reshaping of cured composites, and recovery of carbon fibers via hydrothermal degradation.

Conclusions:

  • The microbranching-stabilized dynamic epoxy network reconciles rapid curing with high mechanical performance and recyclability.
  • This approach provides a design principle for advanced thermosets with improved sustainability and manufacturing efficiency.
  • The developed material offers a viable solution for upcycling epoxy composites, reducing waste and enabling resource recovery.