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Updated: May 19, 2026

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Replication fidelity difference between daughter chains persists during evolution.

Motohiro Akashi¹, Mitsuru Furusawa²

¹Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan.

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

|May 18, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary mutation rates are not constant. This study shows that unequal mutation rates, or fidelity difference (FD), evolve to ensure genetic information stability and prevent extinction, especially during DNA replication.

Keywords:

disparity mutation evolution genetic algorithm lagging strand mutator hitchhiking

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary Biology
Genetics
Computational Biology

Background:

Mutation rates are fundamental to evolution but their own evolution is poorly understood.
Previous models often assumed constant, uniform mutation rates, neglecting biological complexity.
The disparity mutagenesis model proposes unequal mutation rates for genetic stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the evolution of two independently varying mutation rates.
To analyze the role of fidelity difference (FD) in evolutionary dynamics.
To explore the 'genome guarantee effect' and its implications for genetic stability.

Main Methods:

Utilized a simple simulation model to evolve two mutation rates freely between 0 and 1.
Imposed no constraints on mutation rates during the simulation.
Tracked gene scores (fitness) and fidelity difference (FD) throughout evolutionary simulations.

Main Results:

Fidelity difference (FD) consistently oscillated above zero as gene scores increased.
After reaching a fitness plateau, FD stabilized, indicating two unequal mutation rates.
A high average mutation rate was observed, with one rate high and the other low, termed the 'genome guarantee effect'.

Conclusions:

Unequal mutation rates (disparity state) are maintained throughout evolution, especially in organisms with doubled genetic information.
The fidelity difference (FD) does not converge to zero, highlighting the dynamic nature of mutation rate evolution.
This provides a new perspective on mutator hitchhiking and genetic stability in evolutionary biology.