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The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
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Overcoming Extracellular Matrix Barriers: Biomaterial-Assisted microRNA Delivery for Fibrous Musculoskeletal

Ashish Ranjan Sharma1, Yeon-Hee Lee1, Garima Sharma2

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, 24252, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.

Aging and Disease
|May 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Biomaterials offer new ways to deliver microRNAs (miRNAs) for healing fibrous tissues like tendons. Advanced carriers improve miRNA stability and delivery, addressing challenges in musculoskeletal repair.

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Fabrication and Characterization of Layer-By-Layer Janus Base Nano-Matrix to Promote Cartilage Regeneration

Published on: July 6, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Fibrous musculoskeletal tissues
  • Extracellular matrix (ECM) biology
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • Fibrous tissues possess limited regenerative capacity due to their dense, avascular extracellular matrix (ECM).
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate key processes in tissue degeneration and repair, presenting therapeutic potential.
  • Current miRNA delivery faces challenges like degradation, poor tissue penetration, and inefficient cellular uptake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in biomaterial-based carriers for miRNA delivery to fibrous connective tissues.
  • To highlight strategies addressing the unique barriers within the musculoskeletal ECM.
  • To explore future directions for enhanced therapeutic control and efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on biomaterial design for fibrous tissue repair.
  • Analysis of strategies for improving miRNA stability, tissue retention, and cellular delivery.
  • Discussion of challenges including targeting specificity and matrix heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • Biomaterial approaches like nanoparticles, responsive hydrogels, and exosomes show promise in preclinical models.
  • These carriers enhance miRNA stability, tissue retention, and intracellular delivery.
  • Significant challenges remain, including cell-specific targeting and addressing pathological matrix changes.

Conclusions:

  • Biomaterial design is crucial for overcoming barriers to miRNA delivery in fibrous tissues.
  • Integrating mechanobiology, RNA engineering, and biomaterials can create advanced delivery platforms.
  • Future strategies aim for spatiotemporal control of miRNA activity to restore musculoskeletal integrity.