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Related Concept Videos

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...

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Updated: May 19, 2026

Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone Modifications and Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Using CUT&RUN
11:50

Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone Modifications and Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Using CUT&RUN

Published on: April 3, 2026

xCT (Slc7a11) Regulation: Lessons from Cancer Research.

Sravika Chirla1, Rahul Pandit1, Zila Martinez-Lozada2

  • 1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA.

Neurochemical Research
|May 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The cystine/glutamate antiporter (xCT) imports cystine for antioxidant glutathione and regulates glutamate. Cancer cells overexpress xCT to evade ferroptosis, but regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

Keywords:
CancerCystine/glutamate antiporterGlutamate transportSlc7a11xCT

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone Modifications and Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Using CUT&RUN
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Through the Looking Glass: Time-lapse Microscopy and Longitudinal Tracking of Single Cells to Study Anti-cancer Therapeutics
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Through the Looking Glass: Time-lapse Microscopy and Longitudinal Tracking of Single Cells to Study Anti-cancer Therapeutics

Published on: May 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The cystine/glutamate antiporter (system Xc-) is crucial for brain function, synthesizing glutathione (GSH) and regulating glutamate.
  • System Xc- comprises xCT and CD98 subunits, with xCT mediating transport and CD98 membrane localization.
  • xCT's antioxidant role is linked to ferroptosis, a cell death pathway implicated in cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and consolidate the regulatory mechanisms of xCT expression in both healthy and cancer cells.
  • To investigate how cancer cells overexpress xCT to evade ferroptosis.
  • To determine if cancer-specific mechanisms for xCT upregulation exist.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Consolidation of data on xCT expression regulation.
  • Analysis of epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational control mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • xCT expression is regulated at multiple levels: epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational.
  • Protein-protein interactions also modulate xCT activity.
  • Regulation can be cell-type- and context-specific.

Conclusions:

  • xCT expression is broadly controlled through diverse mechanisms.
  • Understanding these regulatory axes is key to targeting xCT in cancer and other diseases.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate cancer-specific upregulation pathways.