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High-density, Identified Cell Recordings from Motor Cortex of Awake Behaving Macaques using Multiple 1024-channel
IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering
|May 18, 2026
Summary
Researchers developed a high-density CMOS probe for acute recordings in primate brains. This technology enables routine, large-scale single-neuron recordings and cell-type identification, advancing neurophysiology.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Bioengineering
- Electrophysiology
Background:
- Recording from large neuronal populations in primates is challenging.
- Chronic implants have limited coverage, while acute electrodes offer broader access.
- Need for high-density probes for acute, large-scale recordings in behaving monkeys.
Purpose of the Study:
- Develop a CMOS-based probe with high electrode-channel density.
- Optimize procedures for acute, large-scale single-unit recordings.
- Enable cell-type identification in primate motor cortex.
Main Methods:
- Designed a novel single-shank SiNAPS CMOS probe with integrated multiplexing.
- Utilized a multi-probe system for synchronous sampling (20 kHz/channel).
- Developed methods for neuron identification via antidromic activation.
Main Results:
- The probe features 1,024 electrodes (14 μm²) with 304.4 channels/mm² density.
- Optimized insertion procedures allowed recordings from diverse cortical sites.
- Identified pyramidal tract cells projecting to the spinal cord.
Conclusions:
- The technology enables monitoring of intracortical areas and detection of hundreds of single neurons per session.
- Routine acute recordings from 2,048 channels with single-neuron resolution are now possible.
- Advances the neurophysiological toolkit for primate research with cell-type identification.
