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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...
Insulin Secretory Vesicles01:05

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Computational Reconstruction of Pancreatic Islets as a Tool for Structural and Functional Analysis
07:58

Computational Reconstruction of Pancreatic Islets as a Tool for Structural and Functional Analysis

Published on: March 9, 2022

From architecture to function: mechanisms shaping pancreatic islet morphogenesis.

Mireia Molina van den Bosch1, Tobias Greisle1, Christos Karampelias2

  • 1Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|May 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This review compares models of islet morphogenesis, explaining how signals guide pancreatic cell development. Understanding these processes is key for diabetes regenerative therapies and restoring islet function.

Keywords:
endocrine cell functionislet architectureislet delamination and aggregation modelislet morphogenesis

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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry
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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Islets of Langerhans are crucial pancreatic mini-organs regulating glucose metabolism.
  • Islet formation involves endocrine cell differentiation, clustering, and remodeling into mature structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare mechanistic features of current islet morphogenesis models.
  • To link these models to intrinsic and extrinsic signals governing islet formation.
  • To highlight the role of 3D islet architecture in function and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of existing models of islet morphogenesis.
  • Review of literature on intrinsic and extrinsic signaling pathways.
  • Integration of data on endocrine cell differentiation, migration, and clustering.

Main Results:

  • Established models provide insights into coordinated endocrine cell development.
  • Specific signals are identified that orchestrate 3D islet architecture formation.
  • Disruption of these signals leads to islet dysfunction and potential disease states.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding 3D islet morphogenesis is vital for generating functional stem cell-derived islets.
  • This knowledge can identify therapeutic targets for diabetes treatment.
  • Further research can advance regenerative therapies for metabolic disorders.