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Impact of Smoking on the Lipid Profile in Males: A Cross-Sectional Study
Nasir Ashraf1,2, Maha abuZarifa3,4, Yasir Ashraf5
1Department of General Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Objective:
To assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the lipid profile in male smokers and non-smokers aged 20-60 years.
Study Design:
A descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of General Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, from July to December 2023.
Methodology:
Smokers and non-smokers constituted the two categories of patients. Fasting blood samples were sent for lipid profiling. The mean lipid profiles of smokers and non-smokers were compared using an independent samples t-test.
Results:
Each group consisted of 50 patients, giving a total of 100 patients. The mean lipid profiles in smokers vs. nonsmokers was as follows: triglyceride (TG), 181.140 + 16.049 vs. 127.900 + 13.927 mg/dL, (p <0.001); total cholesterol (TC), 214.340 + 29.591 vs. 163.160 + 23.026 mg/dL (p <0.001); high-density lipoprotein (HDL), 39.220 + 4.550 vs. 48.900 + 4.473 mg/dL (p <0.001); low-density lipoprotein (LDL), 100.620 + 9.589 vs. 78.420 + 7.345 mg/dL, (p <0.001); and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), 36.960 + 5.514 vs. 26.260 + 4.902 mg/dL (p <0.001).
Conclusion:
Blood HDL levels are considerably lower in cigarette smokers than in non-smokers, whereas blood levels of cholesterol, TG, and LDL are higher.
Key Words:
Lipid profile, Smokers, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, High-density lipoprotein, Low-density lipoprotein.
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