The association between gut microbiome and aortic aneurysm: a review article

Aortic aneurysm is influenced by traditional risk factors such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Latest evidence states that the gut microbiome may play a crucial role in its pathogenesis. This review aims to explore the relationship between the gut microbiome and aortic aneurysm. We conducted a comprehensive literature review using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar to understand the association between aortic aneurysm and the gut microbiome. Relevant studies were evaluated and critically analyzed to narratively summarize existing knowledge and highlight research gaps. The analysis revealed that gut dysbiosis affects systemic inflammation and immune response. This in turn contributes to the degeneration of the vessel wall and aneurysm development. Bacterial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), were found to influence inflammatory pathways, while microbial translocation exacerbates oxidative stress. Understanding the gut microbiome-aortic aneurysm axis can lead to the development of innovative prevention and therapeutic strategies focused on aortic aneurysm formation.