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Differences in Injury Rates by Competition Level Among Scholastic and Collegiate Female Lacrosse Athletes: A

Carrie J Froemming1, Daniel C Touhey1, Robert H Brophy1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
|May 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Collegiate female lacrosse players experience higher overall injury rates than scholastic athletes. Scholastic athletes sustain more head, face, and ankle injuries, while collegiate athletes have more knee and lower leg injuries.

Keywords:
epidemiologyfemale athleteinjurylacrosse

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Women's lacrosse is growing in popularity, with current rules permitting incidental contact and limited protective gear.
  • Head, face, and lower extremity injuries are prevalent, particularly at higher competition levels.
  • Injury patterns and rates across different competitive levels in female lacrosse are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a systematic review of existing literature.
  • To identify and compare injury differences between scholastic (youth/high school) and collegiate female lacrosse athletes.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central) following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Studies reporting injury rates per athletic exposure (AE), mechanisms, body regions, diagnoses, and settings were included.
  • Pooled injury incidence rates were calculated using inverse-variance weighting, with heterogeneity assessed by the I² statistic.

Main Results:

  • Overall injury rates were higher in collegiate athletes (3.83/1000 AEs) compared to scholastic athletes (0.72/1000 AEs).
  • Scholastic athletes experienced more injuries from ball/stick contact and head/face/ankle injuries, including concussions.
  • Collegiate athletes sustained more player-to-player, noncontact, knee, and lower leg injuries, with injuries more frequent during games for both levels.

Conclusions:

  • Collegiate female lacrosse athletes face higher overall injury risks than scholastic athletes.
  • Distinct injury profiles exist between scholastic and collegiate levels, with implications for targeted prevention.
  • Further research on rule and equipment modifications is recommended to enhance athlete safety.