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Related Concept Videos

Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
Transposons01:24

Transposons

Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...

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Updated: May 20, 2026

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity

Published on: January 20, 2023

TEITbase: a database for transposable element (TE)-initiated transcripts in human cancers.

Yun Zhang1, Jianqi She2,3, Xueyan Hu2

  • 1Department of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.

Database : the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation
|May 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transposable elements (TEs) in the human genome can initiate transcription in cancer, potentially driving oncogene expression and creating new immunotherapy targets. A new database, TEITbase, catalogs these TE-initiated transcripts.

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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
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Published on: January 20, 2023

Identification of Sleeping Beauty Transposon Insertions in Solid Tumors using Linker-mediated PCR
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Generation of Cancer Cell Clones to Visualize Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA TERRA Expressed from a Single Telomere in Living Cells
09:13

Generation of Cancer Cell Clones to Visualize Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA TERRA Expressed from a Single Telomere in Living Cells

Published on: January 17, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Cancer Research
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Transposable elements (TEs) are abundant in the human genome and regulate gene expression.
  • TEs can act as alternative promoters, leading to TE-initiated transcripts.
  • TE-initiated transcription in cancer may influence oncogene expression and generate tumor-specific antigens for immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically investigate TE-initiated transcription across various cancer types.
  • To address the lack of comprehensive databases for TE-initiated transcripts in cancer.
  • To create a user-friendly database for analyzing TE-initiated transcripts in cancer research.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a deep learning-based method to identify TE-initiated transcripts.
  • Analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data for 33 cancer types.
  • Created the TEITbase database to store and analyze identified transcripts.

Main Results:

  • Identified 38,995 TE-initiated transcripts across 33 cancer types.
  • Discovered 6,203 tumor-specifically expressed transcripts associated with tumorigenesis.
  • Cataloged 546 novel onco-exaptation events within TEITbase.

Conclusions:

  • TEITbase provides a comprehensive resource for studying TE-initiated transcription in cancer.
  • TE-initiated transcripts offer insights into transcriptional reprogramming in cancer.
  • This resource can aid in developing novel cancer diagnostics and therapeutic strategies.