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Methods of Constructing, Modifying, and Analyzing Theories: Theoretical Substruction
Ramiro Altamira-Camacho1, Sonia Herrera-Justicia
1Author Affiliations: Documentation and Knowledge Management, Cantárida Newspaper Library, Index Foundation, Granada, Spain (Mr Altamira-Camacho); and Teaching Coordinator, Index Foundation, Granada, Spain (Mrs Herrera-Justicia).
Abstract:
This article updates the methods of theoretical derivation, adaptation, and substruction, with particular emphasis on substruction as a nursing-specific formalization process linking theory, measurement, and analysis. It examines their philosophical and methodological foundations and reviews recent applications in nursing and health sciences. Substruction is presented as a form of formalization, articulated through conceptual-theoretical-empirical structures that organize constructs, hierarchical levels of abstraction, and empirical indicators. By making explicit the relationships among theoretical frameworks, research design, instruments, and analytical strategies, substruction enhances conceptual coherence, methodological traceability, and theoretical validity in applied research. The article advocates for its systematic and transparent use to strengthen knowledge development in nursing and related disciplines.
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