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Increased thyroid stiffness without volume change in systemic sclerosis: a case-control study using two-dimensional

Ayşegül Özdoğan Bi̇rcan1, Bişar Akbaş2, Övgü Bıçkıcı3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey. aysegll_87@hotmail.com.

Rheumatology International
|May 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients show increased thyroid stiffness, indicating subclinical fibrosis. Thyroid elastography may help detect these fibrotic changes in SSc patients.

Keywords:
Elasticity Imaging TechniquesFibrosisSystemic sclerosisThyroid GlandUltrasonography

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis affecting various organs.
  • Limited elastographic data exists regarding thyroid involvement in SSc.
  • Understanding subclinical thyroid changes in SSc is crucial for comprehensive disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate thyroid parenchymal stiffness in SSc patients using two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE).
  • To investigate the relationship between thyroid stiffness and clinical parameters in SSc.
  • To explore the potential of thyroid elastography in detecting fibrotic changes in SSc.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, cross-sectional case-control study involving 36 SSc patients and 36 healthy controls.
  • All participants underwent thyroid ultrasonography and 2D-SWE for elasticity measurements (kPa).
  • Correlation analyses were performed between thyroid elasticity and clinical/laboratory parameters.

Main Results:

  • Thyroid volume and isthmus thickness were similar between SSc patients and controls.
  • Significantly higher thyroid elasticity values (stiffness) were observed in SSc patients compared to controls.
  • Thyroid elasticity showed weak to moderate correlations with erythrocyte sedimentation rate and ejection fraction, but not with other disease severity indices.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid parenchymal stiffness increases in SSc patients, suggesting subclinical fibrotic changes.
  • Thyroid elastography may serve as a valuable tool for assessing organ-specific fibrotic alterations in SSc.
  • Further large-scale, prospective studies are warranted to confirm the clinical significance of these findings.