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Incidence and Independent Risk Factors of Central Venous Catheter-Related Thrombosis in Critically Ill Children: A

Duc Van Mai1, Phi Duong Nguyen2, Thy Vu Phuong Le3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Indian Pediatrics
|May 19, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Central venous catheter (CVC) thrombosis affects nearly 20% of critically ill children. A history of thrombosis is a key risk factor, alongside femoral vein placement and prolonged dwell time for infusion catheters.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine
  • Vascular Thrombosis Research
  • Medical Device Safety

Background:

  • Central venous catheters (CVCs) are vital for critically ill children but carry risks.
  • Thrombosis is a significant complication of CVC use in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).
  • Data on CVC-related thrombosis in middle-income countries is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of CVC-related thrombosis in critically ill children.
  • To identify independent risk factors for CVC-related thrombosis in a PICU setting.
  • To provide context-specific prospective data for clinical practice improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of children undergoing CVC placement.
  • Systematic screening using Doppler ultrasonography within 24-48 hours and weekly thereafter.
  • Multivariable generalized estimating equation models to identify independent predictors of thrombosis.

Main Results:

  • 111 catheterization episodes in 103 children were evaluated.
  • CVC-related thrombosis occurred in 19.8% of episodes.
  • History of thrombosis was an independent predictor overall; femoral vein CVC placement and dwell time >7 days were significant for infusion catheters.

Conclusions:

  • Approximately 1 in 5 catheterization episodes were associated with thrombosis.
  • History of thrombosis, femoral vein CVC placement, and prolonged dwell time are key risk factors.
  • Risk-adapted ultrasound surveillance and careful catheter management are crucial in resource-limited PICUs.
Abstract

Keywords:
Central venous cathetersCritical illnessPediatric intensive care unitsRisk factorsVenous thrombosis

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