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Related Concept Videos

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip
13:34

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

Published on: September 29, 2012

Ribosomal RNA processing undergoes surveillance by the mRNA guard protein Npl3.

Anne-Sophie Lindemann1, Fei Yu1, Yawen Duan1

  • 1Abteilung Für Molekulare Genetik, Institut Für Mikrobiologie Und Genetik, Göttinger Zentrum Für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (GZMB), Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|May 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

The mRNA guard protein Npl3 monitors ribosome production, ensuring proteome integrity. Npl3 identifies aberrant precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) and recruits degradation machinery, acting as a crucial RNA surveillance factor.

Keywords:
23S rRNAETS1RDNARNA degradationRNA exosomeRNA polymerase IRNA quality controlRRNA maturationRRNA processingRibosome biogenesisTRAMP complex

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Novel RNA-Binding Proteins Isolation by the RaPID Methodology
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Novel RNA-Binding Proteins Isolation by the RaPID Methodology

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Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro
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Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro

Published on: May 3, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip
13:34

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

Published on: September 29, 2012

Novel RNA-Binding Proteins Isolation by the RaPID Methodology
11:19

Novel RNA-Binding Proteins Isolation by the RaPID Methodology

Published on: September 30, 2016

Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro
09:16

Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro

Published on: May 3, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Ribosome production is vital but complex, requiring high-fidelity assembly and quality control.
  • Pre-ribosome surveillance ensures proteome integrity, yet mechanisms remain less understood than other RNA pathways.
  • mRNA guard proteins in S. cerevisiae regulate mRNA maturation and recruit degradation machinery upon detecting defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the mRNA guard protein Npl3 in ribosome biogenesis and quality control.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which Npl3 monitors and manages aberrant pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA).

Main Methods:

  • Co-immunoprecipitation assays to detect protein-RNA and protein-protein interactions.
  • Analysis of nascent pre-rRNA transcripts and recruitment of assembly factors.
  • Investigating the role of Npl3 in the turnover of aberrant pre-rRNA, including polyadenylation by Trf5.

Main Results:

  • Npl3 associates with RNA polymerase I, the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus, and early pre-ribosomal particles.
  • Npl3 is essential for recruiting ribosome assembly factors to nascent pre-rRNA.
  • Npl3 binds to aberrant, Trf5-polyadenylated pre-rRNAs and interacts with Air1 to recruit the RNA exosome for degradation.

Conclusions:

  • Npl3 functions as a multifunctional RNA surveillance factor in ribosome biogenesis.
  • Npl3 recognizes aberrant pre-RNAs and facilitates their clearance by the RNA degradation machinery.
  • This study reveals a novel role for Npl3 in pre-ribosome quality control, ensuring proteome integrity.