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Long-term memory decline in older adults is linked to reduced physical activity and increased sedentary behavior. These findings suggest that changes in daily activity patterns may reflect underlying cognitive changes over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Bidirectional links between physical activity and cognitive function are established.
  • The relationship between long-term cognitive trajectories and subsequent daily time allocation in older adults remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if long-term cognitive trajectories are associated with later differences in daily physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal cohort study using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA).
  • Cognitive function (episodic memory, verbal fluency) assessed over multiple waves.
  • Daily movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary time, sleep) measured using accelerometry in a later wave.

Main Results:

  • More favorable long-term memory trajectories were associated with more daily light physical activity and less sedentary behavior.
  • These associations were more pronounced in older adults (over 70 years).
  • Verbal fluency trajectories showed similar but smaller differences in time use.

Conclusions:

  • Less favorable long-term memory trajectories in older adults are linked to subsequent lower physical activity and higher sedentary behavior.
  • Later-life activity patterns may reflect preceding cognitive changes, highlighting the interplay between cognition and behavior.