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Updated: May 21, 2026

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in the Ovine Model

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in the Ovine Model

Published on: October 5, 2009

Fixed-Angle Static Versus Variable-Angle Dynamic Plates for Multilevel Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Matthew Philippi¹, Joseph Featherall, Jacob Connelly

¹Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.

Clinical Spine Surgery

|May 19, 2026

Summary

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Fixed-angle static plates in multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) better maintained lordosis compared to dynamic plates. Both plate types demonstrated similar functional outcomes, union rates, and complication rates in this short-term study.

Area of Science:

Spine surgery
Orthopedic surgery
Degenerative cervical spine disease

Background:

Dynamic plates in multilevel ACDF theoretically improve fusion rates by allowing subsidence.
Fixed-angle static plates may preserve cervical lordosis and construct height.
Existing literature on static versus dynamic plates in ACDF shows variable outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the efficacy of fixed-angle static versus dynamic plates in multilevel ACDF.
To evaluate the impact of plate type on maintaining cervical lordosis and construct height.
To assess functional outcomes, nonunion rates, and complications associated with each plate type.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing 2- or 3-level ACDF.

Keywords:

ACDF ACDF outcomes Cervical Lordosis anterior cervical discectomy and fusion dynamic plate fusion height nonunion plate design static plate

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in the Ovine Model

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in the Ovine Model

Published on: October 5, 2009

Comparison of fixed-angle static plates versus dynamic plates used between April 2017 and July 2022.

Radiographic assessment of fusion construct lordosis and height loss, with functional outcome measures including PROMIS PF and VAS scores.

Main Results:

Fixed-angle static plates demonstrated significantly greater maintenance of fusion construct lordosis compared to dynamic plates.
No significant differences were observed in fusion construct height loss, per-segment height loss, nonunion rates, or functional outcome scores (PROMIS PF, VAS neck/arm) between the groups.
Complication rates were similar between the static and dynamic plate groups.

Conclusions:

Fixed-angle static plates may be superior in maintaining cervical lordotic alignment following multilevel ACDF.
Both static and dynamic plates offer comparable short-term functional outcomes, union rates, and complication profiles.
Further long-term studies are warranted to confirm these findings.