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Implementing is necessary: the gap between discourse and practice in global open science.

Maíra Terra Garcia¹, Fabiana Alves de Souza Silva¹, Maria Eduarda da Silva Costa¹

¹Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Oral Science and Diagnosis, São José dos Campos, Brazil; São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.

Brazilian Oral Research

|May 19, 2026

Summary

Open science promotes transparency and collaboration but faces barriers. Bridging the gap requires structural changes for equitable global development and social equity.

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Area of Science:

Open Science practices
Scientific collaboration and transparency
Research accessibility

Background:

Open science aims for transparency and collaboration but faces researcher hesitancy due to fear of exposure and data sharing reluctance.
A significant gap persists between the discourse of open science and its actual implementation in research.
Barriers include individual factors like fear of misuse and lack of training, alongside institutional issues in publishing, evaluation, and funding.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the global open science movement.
To identify barriers hindering open science adoption.
To highlight the benefits and inequalities in open science implementation worldwide.

Main Methods:

Critical narrative review of historical milestones in open science.
Analysis of discourse versus practice in the global open science movement.
Examination of individual and institutional barriers to open science.

Main Results:

Open science offers benefits like cost reduction, accelerated progress via data reuse, and stronger evidence-based policies.
Adoption of open science remains uneven and limited globally.
Worldwide experiences reveal advances alongside inequalities in access and infrastructure.

Conclusions:

Bridging the discourse-practice gap requires changes in research evaluation and a cultural shift towards collective knowledge.
Equitable participation is crucial for the global impact of open science.
Implementing open science is vital for global development and social equity.