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Evaluation of agmatine efficacy in contrast-induced nephropathy: experimental evidence in rat model
Murat Yeniçeri1, Süleyman Baş1, Mustafa Can Şenoymak2
1University of Health Sciences - Kartal Dr. Lutfi, Kirdar City Hospital - Department of Rheumatology - Istanbul - Turkey.
Purpose:
To investigate the biochemical and histopathological efficacy of agmatine as a protective agent in experimental rat contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) model.
Methods:
Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into four groups: sham (no intervention), contrast agent (single dose 10 mL/kg iohexol iv), contrast agent + agmatine (single dose 10 mL/kg iohexol iv + 20 mg/kg po agmatine three days) and contrast agent + placebo (single dose 10 mL/kg iohexol iv + 1 mL of 0.9% saline ip). Biochemical and histopathological evaluations were accomplished on the fourth day, including measurements of cystatin-C, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), interleukin (IL)-1 β, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.
Results:
The contrast agent group exhibited elevated cystatin-C, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA levels, with decreased SOD and GPx levels. The agmatine treatment group showed decrease in cystatin-C, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA, along with increased GPx and SOD levels. Histopathological evaluation revealed nephrotoxic effects in the contrast agent and placebo groups, whereas agmatine-treated rats displayed a significant reduction in tubular damage.
Conclusion:
Agmatine administration along side contrast exposure demonstrated protective effects against CIN, evidenced by biochemical and histopathological improvements.
