Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Social Facilitation

Social Facilitation

Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective.
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant factor...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Critical Examination of the Usefulness of Taxonomies for Comparing Cognitive Functions Across Sports.

European journal of sport science·2026

Same author

Indigenized Science.

Journal of sport & exercise psychology·2026

Same author

Specifying the Cardio-Respiratory Patterns During Fast-Paced Breathing.

Psychophysiology·2026

Same author

Toward a unified vocabulary for embodiment research challenges and solutions.

NPJ science of learning·2026

Same author

PSE 25th Anniversary Editorial.

Psychology of sport and exercise·2026

Same author

Jumping to predictions: Auditory and visual prediction in hurdling.

NeuroImage·2025

Same journal

Development and Measurement Properties of a Custom-Built Punch Force Dynamometer Based on S-Type Load Cells.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026

Same journal

Do Elite Taekwondo Athletes Invest Time for Better Choices? Analysis of Anticipatory Behavior Through a Perception-Action Coupling Task.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026

Same journal

Multisensory Contributions in Joint Actions: A Scoping Review.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026

Same journal

Proprioceptive Impairment and Joint Position Exposure Time in Relation to Patient-Report Outcome With Chronic Ankle Instability.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026

Same journal

Static Tactical Diagrams and Imagination: Differential Effects on Novice and Expert Handball Players.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026

Same journal

Autonomic Responses During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery in Healthy Adults: A Multimodal Assessment Using HRV and EDA.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

Risky Moves: Faster Movements Increase Perceived Thought Speed, but Do Not Lead to Riskier Behaviour on the Ballon

Clare MacMahon¹, Markus Raab²

¹Sport and Exercise Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Perceptual and Motor Skills

|May 19, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Self-controlled body movements can alter thought speed, but this study found no link between faster perceived thought speed and increased risk-taking behavior. Further research may explore movement-based interventions for tactical game play.

Keywords:

cognitive psychology embodied cognition risk taking sport thought speed

More Related Videos

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency

Published on: October 28, 2020

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes

Published on: January 19, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency

Published on: October 28, 2020

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes

Published on: January 19, 2024

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Embodied Cognition
Human Movement Science

Background:

Increased thought speed is associated with racing thoughts and potentially greater risk-taking.
Embodied cognition theory links physical movements to cognitive processes, including abstract concepts like risk.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if self-controlled body movements can alter perceived thought speed.
To determine if manipulated thought speed influences risk-taking behavior using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART).

Main Methods:

Two experiments involved participants performing Fitts' tapping or foot stepping tasks with fast or slow movements.
Participants completed the BART, measuring risk-taking through virtual balloon pumps and potential explosions.
One-way ANOVAs analyzed differences between fast and slow movement conditions.

Main Results:

Fast movements significantly increased perceived thought speed compared to slow movements in both experiments.
No significant differences in risk-taking behavior on BART measures were observed between faster and slower movement groups.

Conclusions:

While body movements affect thought speed, they did not influence risk-taking behavior in this study.
Findings offer a revised embodied cognition perspective on movement and thought speed, suggesting potential for future interventions in areas like sports strategy.