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Estimation of individual somatic cell counts using single-nucleotide polymorphisms from bulk milk samples.

A Pichlmeier1, L Ziegler2, Y Zablotski1

  • 1Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory Services and Herd Health Management, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Sonnenstr. 16, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.

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|May 19, 2026
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Summary

A new Genocells method uses cow genetics to determine individual somatic cell count (SCC) from bulk milk samples, simplifying udder health monitoring for dairy herds.

Keywords:
Individual somatic cell count – genetic analysis – bulk milk sample

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Somatic cell count (SCC) is crucial for assessing dairy cow udder health.
  • Traditional SCC assessment requires individual milk sampling, which is labor-intensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate the Genocells method for estimating individual cow SCC from bulk milk.
  • To compare the accuracy and efficiency of Genocells against traditional individual sampling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized DNA chip technology and existing genotyping data for cow identification within bulk milk.
  • Analyzed multiple bulk milk samples to determine optimal sampling strategy.
  • Compared Genocells-derived SCC values with those from routine individual milk samples.

Main Results:

  • The Genocells method demonstrated high reliability in intra-assay comparisons.
  • Significant differences in SCC were only observed below 100,000 cells/mL compared to individual samples.
  • 81.5% of Genocells results matched the SCC class of individual samples collected concurrently.

Conclusions:

  • The Genocells method offers a promising, less labor-intensive alternative for monitoring individual udder health in dairy herds.
  • This novel approach simplifies SCC assessment by enabling individual cow data from a single bulk milk sample.