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Advancing Pharmacy Students' Competence in Transgender Health: Multicohort Evaluation of a Gender-Affirming Therapy
Julianne Mercer1, Sarah Bandy1, Paul Tang1
1The University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacotherapy and Translationsal Sciences, Austin, TX, USA; UT Health San Antonio, Pharmacotherapy Education & Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Objective:
To explore changes in pharmacy students' attitudes, preparedness, and knowledge of gender-affirming therapy (GAT) after a multicomponent educational intervention, conducted during a time of heightened focus on transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) health.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in fall 2022 and 2023. Two cohorts were surveyed: the intervention comparison cohort (ICC) who received curriculum-based GAT instruction during their third year, and the parallel control cohort (PCC) who receive no structured training. The intervention included a 2-h didactic session on TGD health and a 2-h lab with application-based strategies. Students collaborated on a drug therapy consult note, then individually delivered Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation format recommendations to a simulated provider and counseled a simulated patient. Surveys assessing attitudes, preparedness, and TGD health knowledge were administered at baseline and 1 year later. Data were analyzed to assess within- and between-cohorts changes over time.
Results:
A total of 245 surveys were analyzed (127 PCC; 118 ICC). Intervention comparison cohort (ICC) students demonstrated greater improvements in preparedness to provide GAT counseling (73.1% vs 6.3%) and make clinical GAT recommendations (69.2% vs 15.6%) than PCC students. Intervention comparison cohort (ICC) students also reported greater confidence in locating and using TGD-related clinical resources. Intervention comparison cohort (ICC) knowledge of feminizing hormone significantly increased from 32.5% to 82.9% postintervention. Exploratory findings suggested stronger baseline support for TGD content and greater GAT knowledge gains among students with personal connections to TGD individuals.
Conclusion:
This study supports the effectiveness and feasibly of integrating brief, applied GAT training into pharmacy curricula to enhancing student readiness to provide affirming, patient-centered care.
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