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Scattering and induced false vacuum decay in the two-dimensional quantum Ising model
Luka Pavešić1,2, Marco Di Liberto3,4,5, Simone Montangero3,4,5
1Department of Physics and Astronomy "G. Galilei", University of Padova, Padova, Italy. pavesic.luka@gmail.com.
Nature Communications
|May 19, 2026
Summary
We explored scattering in the quantum Ising model, finding that exciting its false vacuum can cause violent decay. This research characterizes quantum scattering regimes and vacuum stability.
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Quantum Many-Body Systems
- Quantum Simulation
Background:
- The quantum Ising model is a fundamental model in condensed matter physics, exhibiting rich phase transitions and critical phenomena.
- Understanding scattering processes and vacuum stability is crucial for characterizing quantum systems and their dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate scattering phenomena in the two-dimensional quantum Ising model.
- To explore the stability of the false vacuum state under excitation collisions.
- To characterize different scattering regimes from perturbative to non-perturbative.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing tensor network simulations on a 24x24 lattice.
- Preparing and evolving wave packets to study scattering.
- Breaking spin inversion symmetry to probe vacuum decay.
Main Results:
- Observed a spectrum with bound states and scattering resonances in the ordered phase.
- Characterized elastic and non-perturbative scattering processes near the critical point.
- Demonstrated that energetic scattering can induce violent decay of the false vacuum.
Conclusions:
- The quantum Ising model displays complex scattering behavior, including resonance-enhanced processes.
- The false vacuum state is unstable to energetic excitations, leading to decay.
- These findings provide insights into quantum system dynamics and phase transitions.
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