Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles, paraspeckles, etc. These nuclear...
The Nucleus01:25

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
The Nucleus01:32

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A bifunctional H/ACA snoRNP mediates both pseudouridylation and rRNA scaffolding during ribosome assembly.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

IRES-cargo interplay structurally modulates circular RNA translation.

Cell research·2026
Same author

Fibrillarin/Nop1 perturbs RNA folding and assembly independently of liquid-liquid phase separation.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

Direct circMAN1A2(2,3,4,5)-CENPB mRNA interaction regulates cell proliferation and cancer progression.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Circular RNA-based protein replacement therapy mitigates osteoarthritis in male mice.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

ATP-dependent one-dimensional movement maintains immune homeostasis by suppressing spontaneous MDA5 filament assembly.

Cell research·2025
Same journal

Human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases as integrators of translation and cell signalling networks.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026
Same journal

How proteins fold.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026
Same journal

Single-cell evidence for PANoptosome complexes.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026
Same journal

Reply to 'Single-cell evidence for PANoptosome complexes'.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026
Same journal

Plucking cellular ribosomes with Ribo-Tweezer.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026
Same journal

COPII meets autophagy at the ER membrane.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Combining X-Ray Crystallography with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering to Model Unstructured Regions of Nsa1 from S. Cerevisiae
09:15

Combining X-Ray Crystallography with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering to Model Unstructured Regions of Nsa1 from S. Cerevisiae

Published on: January 10, 2018

Elucidating structure-function relationships in the mammalian nucleolus.

Lin Shan1, Yunsheng Sun2, Sarah A Woodson3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology
|May 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The nucleolus, crucial for ribosome biogenesis, is dynamically organized into distinct compartments. Understanding its structure and function reveals insights into cellular stress and disease, opening avenues for novel therapeutics.

More Related Videos

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner
09:02

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner

Published on: December 10, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Combining X-Ray Crystallography with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering to Model Unstructured Regions of Nsa1 from S. Cerevisiae
09:15

Combining X-Ray Crystallography with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering to Model Unstructured Regions of Nsa1 from S. Cerevisiae

Published on: January 10, 2018

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner
09:02

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner

Published on: December 10, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The nucleolus is a key cellular organelle responsible for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and ribosome biogenesis.
  • Recent technological advancements, including high-resolution imaging and next-generation sequencing, have significantly enhanced our understanding of nucleolar architecture and dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dynamic organization of mammalian nucleoli.
  • To compare nucleolar organization across different organisms, highlighting conserved and divergent principles.
  • To explore the physical principles governing nucleolar compartmentalization and dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and research findings.
  • Analysis of high-resolution imaging data.
  • Integration of next-generation sequencing data.

Main Results:

  • Nucleoli are complex, multilayered compartments with distinct functional roles.
  • Physical principles, such as phase separation, drive nucleolar organization and dynamics.
  • Stepwise rRNA processing, ribosome assembly, and compartment integrity are maintained through intricate functional interplay.

Conclusions:

  • Disruptions in nucleolar structure-function relationships are linked to cellular stresses and diseases.
  • Further understanding of nucleolar dynamics offers potential for therapeutic interventions in related diseases.