MXene-Based Temperature and Pressure-Sensing System with an Integrated Microsupercapacitor Array

The advancement of high-efficiency multifunctional sensing systems for physiological signal detection holds considerable promise in the intelligent electronics field; however, it still poses substantial challenges. In this work, we present a dual temperature/pressure sensor system, which incorporates a flexible 3D MXene-based 3 × 3 microsupercapacitor array fabricated by inkjet printing and an integrated 3 × 3 waterborne polyurethane (WPU)/MXene bimodal sensor array. These MXene-based microsupercapacitors demonstrate a remarkable energy density of 2.12 mW h cm^-2 along with a power density of 22.59 mW cm^-2, rendering them a reliable energy supply for powering temperature and pressure sensors. Meanwhile, the WPU/MXene composite possesses large interlayer spacing, abundant Ti-O terminals, and a 3D porous network structure, all of which contribute to enhancing the detection performance. The bifunctional sensor arrays achieve a high temperature coefficient of -1.17%/°C within the range of 25-55 °C, as well as a favorable pressure sensitivity of 0.211 kPa^-1 in the range from 0 to 20 kPa. They are capable of monitoring physiological conditions encountered in daily human life, such as real-time finger pressure and respiratory signals, without any mutual signal interference. Finite element analysis further confirms the crosstalk-free operation of the system, ensuring accurate multiparameter detection capabilities. This study, which focuses on the design and integration of MXene-based materials, provides a universal platform for the next generation of multifunctional sensing systems.