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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Modeling Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells
06:23

Modeling Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: November 21, 2025

Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Acute Legionella Infection.

Rachel A Deming1, Michael Fei1, Connor McCaskey2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.

The American Journal of Case Reports
|May 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Legionella pneumophila can cause severe pneumonia with rare complications like rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury, and hypertriglyceridemia. This case highlights the diverse systemic effects of Legionella infection, even in young adults who vape.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Modeling Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells
06:23

Modeling Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: November 21, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Legionella pneumophila is a frequent cause of severe community-acquired pneumonia.
  • Extrapulmonary manifestations are common, including neurological deficits, hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and elevated liver enzymes.
  • Rhabdomyolysis and hypertriglyceridemia are rare complications of Legionella infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of Legionella infection presenting with severe rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury, and hypertriglyceridemia.
  • To highlight the diverse and potentially life-threatening systemic complications of Legionella infection.
  • To note vaping as a potential risk factor for Legionella infection.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 34-year-old male patient.
  • Diagnostic workup included chest X-ray, CT scan, Legionella urine antigen test, and laboratory evaluations (creatine kinase, creatinine, liver enzymes, lipid panel).
  • Treatment involved intravenous fluids, azithromycin, hemodialysis, and management of co-existing conditions like alcohol withdrawal and hypertension.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with severe rhabdomyolysis (creatine kinase 163,600 U/L), acute kidney injury (creatinine 7.79 mg/dL), hypertriglyceridemia (1173 mg/dL), and elevated liver enzymes.
  • Legionella pneumonia was confirmed by urine antigen test and imaging.
  • Despite treatment, acute kidney injury progressed, requiring hemodialysis, with persistent renal dysfunction at discharge.

Conclusions:

  • Legionella pneumonia can manifest with a wide spectrum of extrapulmonary complications.
  • This case underscores the potential for severe systemic involvement, including rhabdomyolysis, AKI, and hypertriglyceridemia.
  • Vaping was identified as a potential risk factor in this patient.