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PRDM16 Drives Thyroid Cancer Differentiation via a TRIM58-MVP Axis to Suppress MAPK and PI3K/AKT Signaling

Jialong Yu1, Wei Luo1, Zijie Niu1

  • 1Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.

International Journal of Biological Sciences
|May 20, 2026
PubMed

Insights

PRDM16 is identified as a key regulator in thyroid cancer, promoting cell differentiation by controlling specific gene methylation. This discovery offers a new therapeutic strategy for advanced thyroid cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Thyroid cancer often dedifferentiates, leading to poor prognosis and treatment resistance.
  • Epigenetic changes, especially histone methylation, are crucial in thyroid cancer progression.
  • Identifying regulators of differentiation is vital for therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel regulators of thyroid cancer differentiation.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying PRDM16's role in thyroid cancer.
  • To explore PRDM16 as a potential therapeutic target for advanced thyroid cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated PRDM16's function in thyroid cancer cell lines.
  • Analyzed histone methylation patterns, specifically H3K9 monomethylation at the TRIM58 promoter.
  • Assessed the impact of the PRDM16-TRIM58-MVP axis on signaling pathways and cancer cell phenotypes.
  • Evaluated PRDM16's effect on redifferentiation therapy efficacy.

Main Results:

  • PRDM16 was identified as essential for maintaining thyroid cancer cell differentiation.
  • PRDM16 catalyzes H3K9 monomethylation, enhancing TRIM58 transcription.
  • The PRDM16-TRIM58-MVP pathway suppresses MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling, impacting proliferation and EMT.
  • PRDM16 overexpression improved radioiodine uptake and MAPK inhibitor-induced redifferentiation.

Conclusions:

  • PRDM16 acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating the PRDM16-TRIM58-MVP axis.
  • PRDM16 is a promising therapeutic target for advanced thyroid cancer.
  • Redifferentiation therapy strategies targeting PRDM16 show potential for treating resistant thyroid cancers.
Keywords:
MVPPRDM16TRIM58differentiationthyroid cancer

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