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Updated: May 21, 2026

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
Published on: February 16, 2011
From professional appeal to professional standard: reframing the Italian rehabilitation workforce through evidence,
Marco Tofani1,2, Maria Ramiro-Gonzalez3, Diego Poddighe4
1Management and Diagnostic Innovations & Clinical Pathways Research Area, Neurorehabilitation and Adapted Physical Activity Day Hospital, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Background:
Italy's rehabilitation workforce is fragmented and regulated by outdated decrees, limiting alignment with WHO and EU standards, and hindering efficiency, equity, and international comparability.
Methodology:
Narrative policy and health systems analysis, with comparative review of selected European models, based on secondary data and illustrative comparators.
Policy Issue:
Workforce planning relies on historical professional categories and regional variability rather than population functioning needs and evidence-based competencies.
Evidence:
WHO Rehabilitation 2030 tools and European comparators show that coherent regulation, competency-based education, and need-driven planning improve service access, quality, and sustainability.
Policy Options:
Align professional profiles with international standards; clarify scopes of practice; strengthen interprofessional education; integrate workforce planning with functioning and epidemiological data.
Implications:
Reform offers a strategic opportunity to reduce disparities, enhance system performance, and align Italy with global standards.
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