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Related Concept Videos

Rotation of Asymmetric Top01:11

Rotation of Asymmetric Top

By definition, a spherically symmetric body has the same moment of inertia about any axis passing through its center of mass. This situation changes if there is no spherical symmetry. Since most rigid bodies are not spherically symmetric, these require special treatment.
The relationship between the angular momentum of any rigid body and its angular velocity, both of which are vectors, involves the moment of inertia. The moment of inertia is a scalar quantity only for spherically symmetric...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact
07:30

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact

Published on: September 21, 2017

A Novel Rotation-Mitigation Technology for Cycling Helmets Tested Across Helmet Types, Impact Locations, and

Domna-Maria Kaimaki1, Higor Alves de Freitas1, Archie G D Read1

  • 1HEXR Ltd., 7 Corsican Square, London E3 3YD, UK.

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
|May 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new helmet technology, the Release Layer System (RLS), significantly reduces rotational head impacts in cycling accidents. RLS-equipped helmets decrease head rotation by up to 66%, lowering brain injury risk substantially.

Keywords:
RLShead protectionoblique impactrotation-mitigation helmet technologytraumatic brain injury preventionvulnerable road users

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact
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Published on: September 21, 2017

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Published on: February 19, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Trauma Prevention
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Head rotation is a primary cause of severe brain injuries in cycling accidents.
  • Conventional helmets offer limited protection against rotational forces.
  • There is a need for advanced helmet technologies to mitigate diffuse brain injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel helmet safety technology, the Release Layer System (RLS).
  • To assess the effectiveness of RLS in reducing rotational energy transfer during impact.
  • To compare the injury mitigation potential of RLS-equipped helmets versus conventional helmets.

Main Methods:

  • Oblique impact tests were performed on three popular helmet types.
  • Helmets were tested in both conventional and RLS-equipped configurations.
  • Peak Angular Velocity (PAV) and Brain Injury Criterion (BIC) were used to evaluate injury probability.

Main Results:

  • RLS-equipped helmets reduced PAV by 57-66% compared to conventional helmets.
  • This reduction corresponds to a 68-86% decrease in the probability of an AIS2+ brain injury.
  • Significant PAV reduction (up to 85%) was observed at the pYrot impact location.

Conclusions:

  • The Release Layer System (RLS) is a novel and effective mechanism for mitigating rotational head impacts.
  • RLS technology demonstrates significant potential for reducing brain injury risk in cyclists.
  • This outer-layer approach offers a promising pathway for future helmet designs focused on rotational kinematics.