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Related Concept Videos

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis01:28

Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis

Bacterial pathogens depend on precise and efficient DNA replication to sustain infection. Two type II topoisomerases—DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV—are critical to this process, as they resolve DNA supercoiling and unlink chromosomes during replication. Fluoroquinolones, synthetic derivatives of quinolones, exploit this mechanism by stabilizing the transient DNA–enzyme cleavage complex, preventing strand religation, and causing lethal double-strand breaks. These antibiotics are selectively...
Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis01:25

Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis

Aminoglycosides constitute a highly potent class of bactericidal antibiotics that exert their antimicrobial effects by targeting the bacterial ribosome, specifically disrupting protein synthesis. These polycationic molecules consist of amino-modified sugars linked via glycosidic bonds to an aminocyclitol core such as 2-deoxystreptamine or streptamine. Their strong positive charges facilitate tight binding to the negatively charged phosphate backbone of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), primarily at the 16S...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Quantification of Violacein in Chromobacterium violaceum and Its Inhibition by Bioactive Compounds
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Published on: August 8, 2025

Xanthoxylin as a quorum-sensing inhibitor of Aeromonas hydrophila with promising therapeutic effects.

Shengping Li1,2, Shun Zhou2, Xiaohui Ai1,2

  • 1National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.

Archives of Microbiology
|May 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Xanthoxylin shows promise as a novel treatment for Aeromonas hydrophila infections by inhibiting virulence factors rather than killing bacteria. This anti-virulence strategy enhances aquatic animal health and offers an alternative to antibiotics.

Keywords:
Aeromonas hydrophilaAlternative therapeuticsQuorum sensingVirulenceXanthoxylin

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

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Synthesis and Assay of Vibrio Quorum Sensing Inhibitors
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Synthesis and Assay of Vibrio Quorum Sensing Inhibitors

Published on: May 31, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Aquatic microbiology
  • Bacterial pathogenesis
  • Drug discovery

Background:

  • Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) is a prevalent aquatic pathogen causing significant harm to aquatic animals.
  • The rise of drug-resistant A. hydrophila necessitates novel therapeutic strategies beyond traditional antibiotics.
  • Anti-virulence and anti-quorum-sensing (QS) approaches offer a promising alternative by targeting pathogenicity, not bacterial viability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-virulence potential of xanthoxylin against Aeromonas hydrophila infections.
  • To evaluate xanthoxylin's effect on QS-mediated virulence factors and gene expression.
  • To assess xanthoxylin's therapeutic efficacy in protecting host cells and aquatic animals.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of xanthoxylin for anti-virulence activity against A. hydrophila.
  • Analysis of QS-mediated virulence factor levels and gene transcription (aerA, ahyR, ahyI).
  • In vitro cytotoxicity assays using A549 cells and aerolysin, and in vivo survival studies in crucian carp.

Main Results:

  • Xanthoxylin demonstrated no direct anti-A. hydrophila effect but significantly reduced QS-mediated virulence factors.
  • Xanthoxylin suppressed the transcription of key genes involved in A. hydrophila virulence (aerA, ahyR, ahyI).
  • Xanthoxylin protected A549 cells from aerolysin-induced cytotoxicity and improved the survival rate of infected crucian carp.

Conclusions:

  • Xanthoxylin acts as a potential quorum-sensing inhibitor against A. hydrophila.
  • This compound offers a viable anti-virulence strategy for managing A. hydrophila infections in aquaculture.
  • Xanthoxylin represents a novel therapeutic candidate for combating drug-resistant bacterial infections in aquatic environments.