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In Situ Single-Particle LSPR Biosensor for Amplification-Free Detection of miR-451 via Dark-Field Scattering
Xingyu Zi1,2, Hongen Cheng1,2, Jianqi Wang1,2
1College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 20, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a novel, noninvasive method for detecting colorectal cancer (CRC) biomarkers using gold nanoparticles. The assay enables sensitive and specific quantification of miR-451, a key CRC indicator, for early disease detection.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Molecular Diagnostics
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is often diagnosed late due to asymptomatic early stages and invasive screening methods.
- Noninvasive biomarker detection is critical for reducing CRC mortality.
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs), such as miR-451, are emerging as promising CRC biomarkers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an amplification-free, noninvasive assay for quantitative detection of miR-451.
- To utilize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and single-particle spectroscopy for sensitive biomarker detection.
- To establish a method for early colorectal cancer diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- An in situ single-particle spectroscopic assay using functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).
- Real-time monitoring of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak shifts at the single-particle level.
- Quantitative analysis based on the statistical proportion of AuNPs exhibiting LSPR shifts, with specificity via strand displacement DNA probes.
Main Results:
- Achieved amplification-free quantitative detection of miR-451.
- Demonstrated a low detection limit of 58 femtomolar (fm).
- Exhibited excellent specificity against other miRNAs and proof-of-concept feasibility in spiked fetal bovine serum (FBS) samples.
Conclusions:
- The developed in situ assay offers a sensitive and specific noninvasive method for miR-451 detection.
- This approach holds potential for early colorectal cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
- Single-particle spectroscopy with AuNPs provides a powerful platform for biomarker quantification.
