Anchor-Driven Compact Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Reconstruction

Existing 4D Gaussian Splatting methods typically rely on per-Gaussian deformation from a canonical space to target frames, which overlooks the strong redundancy among spatially and temporally adjacent Gaussian primitives and leads to suboptimal efficiency. To address this limitation, we propose ADC-GS++, an anchor-driven compact Gaussian splatting framework for efficient and high-quality dynamic scene reconstruction. Specifically, ADC-GS++ organizes Gaussian primitives into an anchor-based canonical representation, enabling attribute sharing across local regions. To efficiently model dynamic scenes, we introduce a static-dynamic decomposition mechanism and further employ a coarse-to-fine deformation strategy driven by dynamic anchors at multiple granularities. In addition, a unified rate-distortion optimization is adopted to achieve a balanced trade-off between storage efficiency and reconstruction fidelity. Furthermore, a temporal significance-based anchor refinement strategy is employed to dynamically grow and prune anchors, allowing robust adaptation to complex and large-scale motions. Extensive experiments on multiple real-world dynamic scene datasets demonstrate that ADC-GS++ significantly improves rendering speed over deformation-based approaches by 300%-700%, while maintaining competitive rendering quality. Moreover, ADC-GS++ achieves a more favorable rate-distortion trade-off, resulting in substantially reduced storage consumption across different bitrate settings.