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Sound-evoked pupil dilation quantifies misophonic symptoms.

Jan Willem de Gee1,2, Laia Alonso-Marmelstein3, Kate Schwarz-Roman3

  • 1Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands‌‌.

Plos One
|May 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Pupil dilation objectively measures misophonia (sound sensitivity disorder) arousal responses. This pupillometry method accurately identifies even mild misophonia cases and aids in diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Misophonia is a disorder causing intense negative reactions to specific sounds.
  • High prevalence necessitates better understanding and diagnostic tools.
  • Current subjective self-reports lack objective measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pupillometry as an objective measure of misophonia.
  • To determine if pupil dilation can differentiate misophonic responses.
  • To assess the utility of pupillometry in diagnosing mild misophonia cases.

Main Methods:

  • Pupillometry was used to record pupil dilation in response to trigger sounds.
  • Responses were compared between misophonia patients and general unpleasant sounds.

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  • Correlation between pupil dilation and misophonia symptom severity was analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Pupil dilation reliably distinguished misophonic responses from general unpleasantness.
    • Mild misophonia cases exhibited characteristic arousal responses via pupil dilation.
    • Pupil dilation accurately predicted individual misophonia symptom severity.

    Conclusions:

    • Pupillometry offers a reliable, objective, and cost-effective method for measuring misophonia.
    • Pupil-linked arousal can index even mild misophonic responses.
    • This objective measure can aid in the diagnosis and understanding of misophonia.