Inhibitory effects of mycosubtilin on proliferation of colon cancer SW480 cells

The development of novel and effective natural anti-cancer drugs represents a significant focus in contemporary biomedical research. Mycosubtilin (Myco), a cyclic lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis, has not previously been investigated for its potential anti-colorectal cancer activity. This study employed a comprehensive approach combining network pharmacology, molecular docking, cellular analysis, flow cytometry single-color staining, and western blot analysis to preliminarily investigate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying Myco's anti-CRC activity. Findings revealed that Myco significantly outperformed 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in inhibiting SW480 cell proliferation. Myco effectively triggered apoptosis. This was supported by the typical apoptotic morphological features, including nuclear condensation and fragmentation. Concurrently, Myco treatment downregulated the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2. These findings suggest that Myco has potential application value in inhibiting the proliferation of human colorectal cancer SW480 cells.