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Reduced Uncoupling Protein 1 Expression in Periprostatic Adipose Tissue and Its Association With Higher Prostate

Eiji Kashiwagi1,2, Miho Ushijima1, Shohei Ueda1

  • 1Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

International Journal of Urology : Official Journal of the Japanese Urological Association
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Reduced uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) is linked to high-grade prostate cancer (PCa). This finding suggests PPAT UCP1 may serve as a marker for PCa severity.

Keywords:
UCP1periprostatic adipose tissueprostate cancertumor aggressivenesstumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Metabolism
  • Prostate Cancer Research

Background:

  • Periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) is a key component of the prostate cancer (PCa) microenvironment.
  • The specific role of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) within PPAT concerning PCa progression is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the grade of prostate cancer (PCa) and the expression levels of UCP1 in PPAT.
  • To determine if UCP1 expression in PPAT can serve as a predictive marker for PCa severity.

Main Methods:

  • Collected PPAT and abdominopelvic adipose tissue (APAT) samples from 83 patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.
  • Quantified UCP1 mRNA expression using RT-qPCR, normalizing to APAT levels (PPAT/APAT ratio).
  • Utilized computed tomography for PPAT volume estimation and logistic regression to analyze associations with International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade.

Main Results:

  • Lower UCP1 expression in PPAT was significantly associated with high-grade PCa (ISUP 4/5) in univariable analysis (OR 0.415, p=0.027).
  • UCP1 expression remained an independent predictor of high-grade PCa after multivariable adjustment for age, PSA, and PPAT volume (OR 0.438, p=0.035).
  • No significant associations were found between age, PSA concentration, or PPAT volume and high-grade disease.

Conclusions:

  • Diminished UCP1 expression in PPAT is independently linked to higher-grade prostate cancer.
  • UCP1 expression in PPAT may function as a novel microenvironment-associated biomarker indicative of PCa severity.