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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides
08:43

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Published on: May 20, 2019

Decoding molecular switches mediating uranium speciation transition in iron-based mineral dynamic phase evolution.

Bin Xie1, Dun Wei2, Qiong Tian2

  • 1School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|May 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Iron mineral transformations control uranium speciation and environmental mobility. Uranium (VI) becomes immobilized by incorporating into magnetite lattices, enhancing long-term stabilization.

Keywords:
Iron ion dynamic mineralizationLattice immobilizationMicrocurrentMigration riskUranium speciation

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Published on: February 21, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Mineralogy

Background:

  • Iron mineral phases critically influence uranium speciation and environmental migration.
  • Molecular mechanisms of iron crystallization and phase evolution impacting uranium immobilization are poorly understood.
  • Real-time monitoring of iron mineral phase transformations on uranium speciation is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the dynamic effects of iron mineral phase transformations on uranium speciation.
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms driving uranium immobilization and release.
  • To reveal the microscopic forces governing long-term uranium stabilization.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a microcurrent-induced method to control iron ion release kinetics under mild conditions.
  • Captured phase transformation intermediates during iron mineralization.
  • Employed stepwise extraction and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to analyze uranium species evolution.

Main Results:

  • Uranium (VI) initially adsorbs onto ferrihydrite and lepidocrocite during magnetite crystallization.
  • Over 80% of uranium integrates into the magnetite lattice as lepidocrocite converts to magnetite.
  • Uranium is stabilized through lattice incorporation and partial reduction to uranium (IV) by structural iron (II).

Conclusions:

  • Iron mineral phase evolution dictates uranium immobilization pathways, shifting from surface adsorption to lattice incorporation.
  • Structural iron (II) within magnetite plays a key role in reducing and stabilizing uranium.
  • This study provides novel insights into radionuclide environmental behavior governed by evolving multiphase iron minerals.