Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 22, 2026
Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses
Published on: January 23, 2017
Pediatric Quality Measures in Hearing Screening and Follow-Up
Renée F Wilson1, Genie Han1, Jennifer O Lambert2
1Evidence-based Practice Center, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Context:
Quality measures are needed to ensure that children receive timely screening and follow-up for hearing problems.
Objective:
To summarize pediatric quality measures for hearing screening and follow-up.
Data Sources:
We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO from 2009 to December 7, 2024, including gray literature from governmental and nongovernmental entities.
Study Selection:
Systematic reviews, original articles.
Data Extraction:
Measure definitions, study characteristics, barriers, and research gaps.
Results:
We identified 27 hearing screening and 97 follow-up measures, mostly applied to newborns. In total, 9 systematic reviews identified 5 screening and 10 follow-up measures, 13 studies identified 13 screening and 47 follow-up measures, and 12 gray literature sources identified 11 screening and 42 follow-up measures. We found evidence for reliability, validity, usability, and feasibility in 8, 11, 3, and 4 screening measures, respectively, and for 22, 44, 17, and 13 follow-up measures, respectively. Of the follow-up measures, 14 had evidence against feasibility. Additionally, 8 screening and 8 follow-up measures demonstrated improvement in quality-of-care outcomes. Use of measures differed by state, targeted population, and clinician type. Barriers to measure implementation were related to data infrastructure, integration, collection, reporting, and lack of standardization.
Limitations:
Searches focused on identifying measures used in the United States. Studies were not designed to assess measure characteristics.
Conclusions:
Many pediatric hearing screening and follow-up measures have evidence of reliability, validity, and usability, although feasibility of follow-up measures is a concern. Future research should evaluate data infrastructure and systems for implementing follow-up and standardizing and stratifying screening and follow-up measures.
