[Meta-analysis of Technical Effects and Practical Applications for Safe Utilization of Cadmium-contaminated Arable...

To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of various soil amendments and foliar inhibitors in Southwest China and to identify challenges in the implementation of safe utilization technologies， this study conducted a comprehensive Meta-analysis based on 89 selected publications， yielding 1 685 paired observational datasets. The analysis quantitatively assessed the impacts of different safe utilization technologies on key parameters， including soil pH， available cadmium （Cd） content， Cd accumulation in crop edible parts， and crop yield. The results revealed widespread Cd contamination in agricultural soils across Southwest China， with the regional heavy metal pollution gradient ranked as Cd>Cr>Hg>Ni>Zn>Cu>Pb>As. Significant variations were observed in the efficacy of different soil amendments and foliar inhibitors. Composite soil amendments demonstrated superior performance compared to single-component amendments， with the inorganic + carbon-based combination emerging as the most effective formulation. Among foliar inhibitors， metal element-based formulations， particularly zinc-manganese fertilizers and iron fertilizers， exhibited the highest efficacy， achieving a 10.87% increase in crop yield and a 46.41% reduction in Cd accumulation in edible parts. Further analysis identified critical factors influencing the adoption of safe utilization technologies， including socioeconomic considerations （cost-benefit ratios， investment requirements） and risk perception among stakeholders. Notably， low-cumulative crop variety technology currently exhibits the highest acceptance rate among end-users due to its practicality and economic viability. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and agricultural practitioners in selecting and implementing targeted remediation strategies for Cd-contaminated farmland.