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Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Currents01:13

Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Currents

Two long, straight, and parallel current-carrying conductors exert a force of equal magnitude on one another. The direction of the force depends on the current direction in the conductors.
The force exerted by the magnetic field due to the first conductor over a finite length of the second conductor is given as the product of the current in the second conductor and  the vector product of the length vector along the current element and the field due to the first conductor. According to the...
Magnetic Vector Potential01:15

Magnetic Vector Potential

In electrostatics, the electric field can be written as the negative gradient of the potential. In magnetostatics, the zero divergence of the magnetic field ensures that the magnetic field can be expressed as the curl of a vector potential. This potential is known as the magnetic vector potential.
Consider an ideal solenoid with n turns per unit length and radius R. If I is the current through the solenoid, the magnetic field inside the solenoid is expressed as the product of vacuum...
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
08:23

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

Published on: September 30, 2019

Giant orbital-magnon conversion driven perpendicular magnetization switching.

Fanyu Meng1, Ying Feng1, Mingyang Sun1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.

Nature Communications
|May 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrated efficient orbital angular momentum-to-magnon conversion, enabling room-temperature magnetization switching. This breakthrough links orbitronics and magnonics for advanced nanoelectronic devices.

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Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons
09:54

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons

Published on: July 14, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
08:23

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

Published on: September 30, 2019

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons
09:54

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons

Published on: July 14, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Solid State Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Novel information carriers beyond electron charge (spin, orbital, magnon) are key for beyond-Moore technologies.
  • Efficient interconversion and control of these degrees of freedom are crucial for nanoelectronic devices.
  • Direct coupling between orbital angular momentum (L) and magnons (M), and L-M conversion for magnetization switching, remained unachieved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate orbital angular momentum-to-magnon (L-M) conversion.
  • To achieve efficient room-temperature magnetization switching via the novel L-M conversion mechanism.
  • To establish a direct link between orbitronics and magnonics.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an orbital metal/antiferromagnetic insulator bilayer heterostructure.
  • Experimental investigation of L-M conversion at room temperature.
  • Demonstration of perpendicular magnetization switching in a CoFeB ferromagnetic layer.

Main Results:

  • Successful experimental demonstration of L-M conversion in the fabricated bilayer at room temperature.
  • Achieved L-M conversion efficiency over an order of magnitude higher than in traditional orbital systems.
  • Efficient room-temperature perpendicular magnetization switching mediated by the L-M conversion mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • Established a direct coupling and conversion pathway between orbital angular momentum and magnons.
  • Demonstrated a new mechanism for efficient room-temperature magnetization switching.
  • Opened a new platform for developing advanced nano-devices based on orbital-driven magnonic phenomena.