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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Pioneering Patient-Specific Approaches for Precision Surgery Using Imaging and Virtual Reality
06:18

Pioneering Patient-Specific Approaches for Precision Surgery Using Imaging and Virtual Reality

Published on: April 5, 2024

Optimizing AI implementation for surgery: recommendations for infrastructure and deployment in the operating room.

Ariana Walji1,2, Caterina Masino1, Stephanie Williams3

  • 1Surgical Artificial Intelligence Research Academy, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.

NPJ Digital Medicine
|May 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...

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This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in surgery offers benefits but has real-world implementation challenges. Edge infrastructure showed lower costs and carbon footprint than Cloud, despite similar usability.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Technology
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly developed to aid surgical decision-making and patient safety.
  • Limited real-world data exists on the practical implementation of AI in operating rooms.
  • Evaluating AI deployment requires assessing usability, cost, and environmental impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of AI deployment in the operating room.
  • To compare cloud and edge-based AI infrastructures regarding usability, cost, and carbon footprint.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for sustainable, user-centered AI implementation in surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Usability testing with 23 end-users (surgeons, nurses, etc.) at a Canadian teaching hospital.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Pioneering Patient-Specific Approaches for Precision Surgery Using Imaging and Virtual Reality
06:18

Pioneering Patient-Specific Approaches for Precision Surgery Using Imaging and Virtual Reality

Published on: April 5, 2024

  • Validated scales and open-ended feedback were used for usability assessment.
  • Operational metrics were used to assess cost and carbon footprint for cloud vs. edge AI.

    • Main Results:

    • Cloud-based AI deployment showed higher task completion rates.
    • Edge-based AI infrastructure resulted in lower physical strain, carbon emissions, and operational costs.
    • Both systems received similar usability ratings, with suggestions for interface improvements.

    Conclusions:

    • AI implementation in surgery presents trade-offs between performance, cost, and environmental impact.
    • Edge infrastructure may offer a more sustainable and cost-effective solution compared to cloud.
    • User-centered design and system optimization are crucial for successful AI integration in surgical settings.