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Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
Horney's Sociocultural Approach01:27

Horney's Sociocultural Approach

Karen Horney's psychoanalytic theories emphasize the potential for self-realization and the importance of addressing social and cultural, rather than biological, factors in personality development. She challenged traditional Freudian views, particularly Freud's concept of "penis envy," which she argued stemmed from cultural influences rather than inherent biological differences. Horney believed that any sense of inferiority in women was a result of societal conditioning, such as dependence on...
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development01:30

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development

Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.

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Cell-Specific Paired Interrogation of the Mouse Ovarian Epigenome and Transcriptome
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Published on: February 24, 2023

Menopause: A Sociological Review.

Ann V Bell1, Asia Friedman1

  • 1University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.

Journal of Health and Social Behavior
|May 21, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sociological research on menopause is limited, despite its widespread impact. This review highlights gaps in understanding how social factors shape menopause experiences and its relation to the broader reproductive life course.

Keywords:
gendermedicalizationmenopausereproductionsociology

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12:25

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06:18

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Published on: August 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Gender Studies
  • Medical Sociology

Background:

  • Menopause affects millions globally, intersecting medicine, gender, family, and work.
  • Despite its significance, menopause is the least sociologically studied female reproductive event.
  • Existing research primarily focuses on the medicalization of menopause.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing social scientific research on menopause.
  • To identify gaps in sociological understanding of menopause.
  • To explore the social construction and lived experiences of menopause.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of social scientific research on menopause.
  • Analysis of studies on the social construction of menopause.
  • Examination of how social meanings influence menopause experiences.

Main Results:

  • Sociology has a clear understanding of menopause medicalization and its experiential impact.
  • Nuances of menopause construction, including variations in experience, remain less understood.
  • The relationship between menopause and the broader reproductive life course requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Significant gaps exist in the sociological study of menopause.
  • Further research is needed to explore diverse menopausal experiences and their connection to the reproductive life course.
  • A comprehensive sociological understanding of menopause requires addressing these identified research deficits.